EcL (Escherichia coli Laboratory) Taming bacteria to promote animal and public healthUniversité de Montréal
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Classification

Diseases

Pathogenesis

Virulence factors
and serogroups

Diagnostic strategies

 

Virulence factors and serogroups

The pathogenic E. coli within each pathotype may be further classified as virotypes, based on the virulence genes that they possess. A virotype is a particular combination of virulence genes. Important virulence factors encoded by these genes include fimbrial adhesins, enterotoxins, cytotoxins, capsule, and lipopolysaccharide, or LPS. Pathogenic E. coli may also be differentiated by serotypinc, based on antigenic differences in the O antigen of the LPS, in the flagellar or H antigens, and the fimbrial or F antigens.

The diagrams of the Pathogenesis section show how pathogenic E. coli of each pathotype cause disease. Follow the appropriate links to learn which virulence factors are involved in each step of the disease process, and what are the important O serotypes and virotypes.

Virulence factors, virotypes, and O serotypes of Escherichia coli belonging to the different pathotypes found in animals

ETEC

Animal species

Fimbrial adhesins

Enterotoxins

O serotypes

Virotypes

Calves

F5 (K99), F41

STa

8, 9, 20, 64, 101

STa:K99:F41

Dog

Unknown

STa

Not known

STa

Pig - newborn

F4ac (K88ac), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F41

STa, STb, LT, EAST1

8, 9, 20, 45, 64, 101, 138, 141, 147, 149, 157

STa:K99:F41, STa:F41, STa:987P,

LT:STb:EAST1:F4ac(K88ac), LT:STb:STa:EAST1:F4ac(K88ac),

STb:EAST1:AIDA

Pig - postweaning

F4ac (K88ac), F18ab (F107ab), F18ac (F107ac)

STa, STb, LT, EAST1

8, 138, 139, 141, 147, 149, 157

LT:STb:EAST1:F4ac(K88ac), LT:STb:STa:EAST1:F4ac(K88ac), STa:STb, STa:STb:F18ac, STa:F18ac, LT:STb, STb

 

STEC (Edema disease)

Animal species

Fimbrial adhesins

Toxins

O serotypes

Virotypes

Pig

F18ab

Stx2e

previously known as Verotoxin (VTe) or Shiga-like toxin (SLT-IIv) Hemolysin

138, 139, 141

Stx2e:F18ab:(AIDA)

 

EPEC

Animal species

Virulence factors

O serotypes

Dog

Intimin (Eae), Tir (Intimin-receptor), EspA, EspB, EspD, EspC (enterotoxin)

Not known

Pig -

postweaning

Intimin (Eae), Tir (Intimin-receptor), EspA, EspB, EspD, EspC (enterotoxin)

O45, O103, O108, NT

Rabbit - newborn

Intimin (Eae), Tir (Intimin-receptor), EspA, EspB, EspD, EspC (enterotoxin)

O2, O8, O15, O103, O109

Rabbit - weaned

Intimin (Eae), Tir (Intimin-receptor), EspA, EspB, EspD, EspC (enterotoxin)

O15, O20, O25, O103, O109, O128, O132

 

ExPEC

Animal species

Fimbrial adhesins

Other virulence factors

O serotypes

Calves - septicemia

P, F17

CNF1, CNF2, CDT

8, 9, 15, 26, 35, 45, 78, 86, 101, 115, O117, 137

Cow -

mastitis

-

LPS, CNF

Diverse

Pig - septicemia

F165-1 (P fimbrial family), F165-2 (S fimbrial family)

Aerobactin, CNF1 or CNF2, CDT

6, 8, 9, 11, 15, 17, 18, 20, 45, 60, 78, 83, 93, 101, 112, 115, 116

Poultry - cellulitis

F1, P

K1

2, 25, 71, 78

Poultry - septicemia

F1 (type 1), F11 (P fimbrial family)

Aerobactin, K1, Tsh

1, 2, 8, 15, 18, 35, 78, 88, 109, 115

UPEC

Animal species

Fimbrial adhesins

Other virulence factors

O serotypes

Pig - postweaning

P, S

Aerobactin, CNF1

1, 4, 6, 18

 

STEC (Ruminants)

Animal species

Virulence factors

Toxins

O serotypes

Cattle -

Hemorrhagic dysentery

Intimin (Eae), Tir, EspA, EspB, EspD, EspC (enterotoxin)

Stx1 and/or Stx2

5, 8, 20, 26, 103, 111, 118, 145

Cattle as carrier, pathogenic in humans

Intimin (Eae), Tir, EspA, EspB, EspD, EspC (enterotoxin)

Stx1 and/or Stx2

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